-Introduction to visual technology
-Visual technology in education
-Visual technology resources
-Photography and its applications
-Camera: types and characteristics
-SLR camera: Specialization and handling
-Lenses and Aperture
-Shutter speed and Exposure
-Film/CCD: ISO and funtions
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Categories of Camera
Light Catcher Sensor Medium
(Medium Penangkap Cahaya)
Categories of Camera
Light Catcher Sensor Medium
(Medium Penangkap Cahaya)
Analogue Camera(Film)
Kamera Analog (Filem)
CELLULOID FILM
Using celluloid film as a Light Catcher Medium and also Storage Medium
Type of Film depending on measurement
a. Small format (35mm)
b. Medium format (100-120mm)
c. Large format
Format 35mm most popular (a.k.a. Film 135)
Using celluloid film as a Light Catcher Medium and also Storage Medium
Type of Film depending on measurement
a. Small format (35mm)
b. Medium format (100-120mm)
c. Large format
Format 35mm most popular (a.k.a. Film 135)
THE PRINT (PHOTO PAPER)
Darkrooms: Creating Images with Chemistry
Films that have been exposed go through a process called “developing”.
Developing film-dropping off rolls of 35mm film, and getting back prints and negatives.
Instant Camera (Polaroid) Kamera Segera (Polaroid)
Generates a developed film image (a.k.a. self-developing film) by Polaroid Corporation.
American scientist Edwin Land, who unveiled the first commercial instant camera, the Land Camera, in 1948, Camera and portable darkroom in a single compartment, Invented in 1923 by Samuel Shlafrock.
Using Zink Photo Paper as a Light Catcher Medium and also Storage Medium. It is cheap and suitable those who like to collect picture.
Digital Camera (Memory Card)
Using Image-sensor atau Picture Sensor as a Light Catcher Medium and Memory Card also Storage Medium
Pixels = Picture elements
Resolution: number of pixels captured by the image sensor
Lens, Aperture, Shutter Speed, ISO
Dedahan – Lensa, Aperture, Kelajuan Shutter
Exposure is the total amount of light allowed to fall on the film/image sensor.
Too much light creates an over‐bright image with white spots
Too little light creates an under‐bright image with black spots
Exposure also known as light exposure.
Exposure to too high will cause the image to be too bright (overexposure) while low exposure cause the picture is dark (underexposure).
Aperture is How much light gets in
Shutter Speed is How long light is let in
ISO is Sensitivity of image device
Low Shutter speed
High Shutter speed
ISO refers to the sensitivity of the sensor to light.
Lower the ISO, the lower response to the light sensor, while the higher the ISO, the more powerful response to light.
A lower ISO number , More light is required
Either with a longer shutter speed, a larger aperture opening, or both—to get the same effect that a higher ISO number would get with less light.
ISO Range
HIGH ISO value means the sensor will be MORE sensitive to light, meaning it will take LESS LIGHT to get the right exposure.
Low ISO indicates low sensitivity to light but generally higher resolution with less “noise” or “grain”.
Indoor vs Outdoor ? ISO ?
ISO (Light sensitivity)
50 outdoors/sunlight (low grain/noise)
1600 indoors/no flash (high grain/noise
Set the lowest setting possible to avoid noise.
ISO measures the sensitivity of the image sensor. The lower the number the less sensitive your camera is to light and the finer the grain.
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